What Will It Take to Build Britain’s Next Generation of Nuclear Power?

Britain’s plans for a new generation of nuclear power are beginning to take shape. At the centre of the programme are small modular reactors, or SMRs: nuclear power stations designed around standardised, modular components that can be manufactured in factories before being transported for assembly on site.

Rolls-Royce SMR was selected as the UK programme’s preferred technology partner in June 2025. In April 2026, Great British Energy – Nuclear, known as GBE-N, signed a contract with the company to begin technology and site-specific design work, regulatory engagement and planning.

The initial three-unit project is planned for Wylfa on Ynys Môn. However, important stages remain, including a future Final Investment Decision. It is therefore more accurate to describe Wylfa as a planned project than as one already moving into construction.

Much of the public discussion around UK small modular reactors naturally focuses on energy security and generating capacity. But the programme is also a manufacturing story. Its success will depend on whether complex components can be produced repeatedly, inspected thoroughly and delivered with the consistency and supporting evidence that major nuclear projects require.